1. What is the kW to kVA Conversion?

The kW to kVA conversion calculates apparent power (kVA) from real power (kW) using the power factor. In AC electrical systems, apparent power represents the total power in the system, while real power is the actual power doing work.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the 3-phase power formula:

Where:

• \( kW \) — Real power in kilowatts
• \( PF \) — Power factor (unitless, between 0 and 1)
• \( kVA \) — Apparent power in kilovolt-amperes

Explanation: The power factor accounts for the phase difference between voltage and current in AC circuits. A lower power factor means more apparent power is needed to deliver the same real power.

3. Importance of Power Factor

Details: Power factor correction is crucial in electrical systems because:

• Low power factor increases current flow for the same real power
• Utilities often charge penalties for low power factor
• Proper power factor improves system efficiency

4. Using the Calculator

Tips:

• Enter real power in kilowatts (kW)
• Enter power factor between 0 and 1 (typical values 0.8-0.95)
• All values must be positive (kW > 0, 0 < PF ≤ 1)

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between kW and kVA?
A: kW measures real power (actual work done), while kVA measures apparent power (total power in the system including reactive components).

Q2: What is a good power factor value?
A: Most industrial systems aim for 0.95 or higher. Below 0.85 is generally considered poor.

Q3: Why is 3-phase power different from single-phase?
A: 3-phase systems are more efficient for power transmission and can deliver more power with less conductor material.

Q4: How can I improve power factor?
A: Power factor correction capacitors, synchronous condensers, or proper motor sizing can improve power factor.

Q5: Does this formula work for single-phase systems?
A: Yes, the basic kW to kVA relationship is the same, though single-phase current calculations differ.