1. What is the Watts-Amps-Voltage Formula?

The electrical power formula (P = V × I × PF) relates power in watts to voltage, current, and power factor. It's fundamental for calculating power consumption in AC and DC circuits.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the power formula:

Where:

• \( P \) — Power in watts (W)
• \( V \) — Voltage in volts (V)
• \( I \) — Current in amperes (A)
• \( PF \) — Power factor (unitless, 0 to 1)

Explanation: For DC circuits, power factor is 1. For AC circuits, power factor accounts for phase difference between voltage and current.

3. Importance of Power Calculation

Details: Accurate power calculation is crucial for circuit design, energy consumption estimation, electrical safety, and proper component sizing.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter voltage in volts, current in amps, and power factor (1 for DC circuits, typically 0.8-0.95 for AC). All values must be valid (voltage > 0, current > 0, PF between 0-1).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between real power and apparent power?
A: Real power (watts) is actual consumed power. Apparent power (VA) is voltage × current without power factor. The ratio is PF.

Q2: When should I use power factor = 1?
A: For DC circuits or purely resistive AC loads (like incandescent lights). Most AC circuits have PF < 1.

Q3: How do I improve power factor?
A: Use power factor correction capacitors, avoid lightly loaded motors, and use high-efficiency equipment.

Q4: Why is power factor important?
A: Low PF increases current for same power, requiring larger wires and causing more energy loss. Utilities often charge extra for low PF.

Q5: Can this calculate current from power and voltage?
A: This calculator solves for power. Rearrange formula to I = P/(V×PF) for current calculations.