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3-Phase Power Formula:
Three-phase power is a common method of alternating-current electric power generation, transmission, and distribution. It is more efficient than single-phase power for delivering large amounts of power to industrial and commercial applications.
The calculator uses the 3-phase power formula:
Where:
Explanation: The √3 factor accounts for the phase difference in three-phase systems. The power factor represents the ratio of real power to apparent power.
Details: Power factor indicates how effectively electrical power is being used. A higher power factor (closer to 1) means more efficient power usage, while lower power factors indicate poor utilization of electrical power.
Tips: Enter line-to-line voltage in volts, current in amperes, and power factor (typically between 0.8 and 1 for most industrial applications). All values must be valid (voltage > 0, current > 0, 0 ≤ PF ≤ 1).
Q1: What's the difference between line-to-line and line-to-neutral voltage?
A: In 3-phase systems, line-to-line voltage is √3 times the line-to-neutral voltage. This calculator uses line-to-line voltage.
Q2: What is a typical power factor value?
A: For industrial motors, power factor typically ranges from 0.8 to 0.95. Resistive loads have a power factor of 1.
Q3: Can I use this for single-phase calculations?
A: No, for single-phase systems use P = V × I × PF (without the √3 factor).
Q4: Why is three-phase power more efficient?
A: Three-phase systems deliver power more consistently and can transmit more power with less conductor material compared to single-phase.
Q5: How does power factor affect my electricity bill?
A: Many utilities charge penalties for low power factor (typically below 0.9) as it indicates inefficient power usage.