1. What is Three-Phase Power?

Three-phase power is a common method of alternating-current electric power generation, transmission, and distribution. It is more efficient than single-phase power for large generators and industrial applications.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the three-phase power formula:

Where:

• \( P \) — Power in watts (W)
• \( V \) — Line-to-line voltage in volts (V)
• \( I \) — Current in amperes (A)
• \( PF \) — Power factor (unitless, 0 to 1)
• \( \sqrt{3} \) — Constant for three-phase systems (≈1.732)

Explanation: The formula accounts for the phase difference in three-phase systems and the power factor which represents the ratio of real power to apparent power.

3. Importance of Power Factor

Details: Power factor is crucial in generator sizing. A lower power factor means the generator must supply more current for the same real power, increasing losses and reducing efficiency. Most generators have a power factor between 0.8 and 1.0.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter line-to-line voltage in volts, current in amperes, and power factor (typically 0.8 for generators). All values must be valid (voltage > 0, current > 0, 0 ≤ PF ≤ 1).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is line-to-line voltage?
A: It's the voltage measured between any two line conductors in a three-phase system, also called phase-to-phase voltage.

Q2: Why is √3 used in the formula?
A: The √3 factor accounts for the phase difference (120°) between the three phases in a balanced system.

Q3: What is a typical power factor for generators?
A: Most generators are rated at 0.8 power factor, though some high-efficiency models may have 0.9 or higher.

Q4: Can I use this for single-phase calculations?
A: No, for single-phase systems use P = V × I × PF (without the √3 factor).

Q5: How does power factor affect generator sizing?
A: Lower power factor requires larger generator capacity to deliver the same real power due to higher reactive power demands.