Three Phase Power Calculator

Three Phase Power Formula:

\[ P = \sqrt{3} \times V \times I \times PF \]

Power (P):

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1. What is Three-Phase Power?

Three-phase power is a common method of alternating-current electric power generation, transmission, and distribution. It is more efficient than single-phase power for large loads and industrial applications.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the three-phase power formula:

\[ P = \sqrt{3} \times V \times I \times PF \]

Where:

\( P \) — Power in watts (W)
\( V \) — Line-to-line voltage in volts (V)
\( I \) — Current in amperes (A)
\( PF \) — Power factor (unitless, between 0 and 1)
\( \sqrt{3} \) — Constant for three-phase systems (≈1.732)

Explanation: The formula calculates real power in a balanced three-phase system, accounting for the phase difference between voltage and current.

3. Importance of Power Factor

Details: Power factor represents the ratio of real power to apparent power. A higher power factor (closer to 1) indicates more efficient power usage, while lower power factors result in higher currents for the same real power.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter line-to-line voltage in volts, current in amperes, and power factor (between 0 and 1). All values must be positive numbers with power factor between 0 and 1.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between line-to-line and line-to-neutral voltage?
A: In three-phase systems, line-to-line voltage is between any two phases, while line-to-neutral is between a phase and neutral. Line-to-line is √3 times line-to-neutral.

Q2: Why is three-phase power more efficient?
A: Three-phase systems provide constant power transfer (no power pulsations) and use less conductor material for the same power transfer compared to single-phase.

Q3: What is a typical power factor value?
A: For resistive loads it's 1.0, for inductive loads (motors) typically 0.8-0.9, and for heavily inductive loads can be 0.5 or lower.

Q4: How can power factor be improved?
A: Power factor correction capacitors can be added to counteract inductive loads and bring power factor closer to 1.

Q5: Is this formula valid for unbalanced three-phase systems?
A: No, this formula assumes a balanced three-phase system. Unbalanced systems require more complex calculations.