1. What is Power Calculation?

The power calculation (P = V × I × PF) determines the real power in an electrical circuit by multiplying voltage (V), current (I), and power factor (PF). It's fundamental in electrical engineering and power system analysis.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the power formula:

Where:

• \( P \) — Power in Watts (W)
• \( V \) — Voltage in Volts (V)
• \( I \) — Current in Amperes (A)
• \( PF \) — Power Factor (unitless, between 0 and 1)

Explanation: The formula calculates real power in AC circuits. For purely resistive loads (DC circuits), PF = 1 and can be omitted.

3. Importance of Power Calculation

Details: Accurate power calculation is essential for circuit design, energy consumption estimation, electrical safety, and proper sizing of electrical components.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter voltage in volts, current in amperes, and power factor (1 for DC circuits). All values must be valid (voltage > 0, current > 0, PF between 0-1).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is power factor?
A: Power factor is the ratio of real power to apparent power, representing how effectively current is converted to useful work (typically 0.8-1.0).

Q2: What's the difference between real, apparent, and reactive power?
A: Real power (P) does actual work, apparent power (S = V×I) is the product of voltage and current, and reactive power (Q) is the non-working power.

Q3: When can I assume PF = 1?
A: For DC circuits or purely resistive AC loads (like incandescent lights or heaters), PF = 1.

Q4: How does this relate to energy consumption?
A: Energy (kWh) = Power (kW) × Time (hours). This calculator gives the instantaneous power value.

Q5: What are typical voltage values?
A: Common values: 120V/240V (North America), 230V (Europe), 12V/24V (automotive), 3.3V/5V (electronics).