1. What is the Power Formula?

The power formula \( P = V \times I \times PF \) calculates the real power in watts in an AC electrical circuit by multiplying voltage (V), current (I), and power factor (PF). This is essential for understanding electrical power consumption and circuit design.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the electrical power formula:

Where:

• \( P \) — Real power in watts (W)
• \( V \) — Voltage in volts (V)
• \( I \) — Current in amperes (A)
• \( PF \) — Power factor (unitless, between 0 and 1)

Explanation: For DC circuits, power factor is 1. For AC circuits, power factor accounts for phase difference between voltage and current.

3. Importance of Power Calculation

Details: Accurate power calculation is crucial for sizing electrical components, determining energy consumption, and ensuring circuit safety and efficiency.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter voltage in volts, current in amps, and power factor (1 for DC circuits). All values must be valid (voltage > 0, current > 0, 0 ≤ PF ≤ 1).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is power factor?
A: Power factor is the ratio of real power to apparent power, representing the efficiency of power usage in AC circuits.

Q2: Why is power factor important?
A: Low power factor means more current is needed for the same real power, leading to energy losses and higher costs.

Q3: What's the difference between watts and volt-amps?
A: Watts measure real power, while volt-amps measure apparent power (V × I). They're equal only when PF = 1.

Q4: How can I improve power factor?
A: Power factor correction capacitors can be added to reduce phase difference between voltage and current.

Q5: Does this apply to three-phase systems?
A: For three-phase, use \( P = \sqrt{3} \times V_{line} \times I_{line} \times PF \).