1. What is 3 Phase Power?

Three-phase power is a common method of alternating-current electric power generation, transmission, and distribution. It is more efficient than single-phase power for large industrial loads and motors.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the 3-phase power formula:

Where:

• \( P \) — Power in watts (W)
• \( V \) — Line-to-line voltage in volts (V)
• \( I \) — Current in amperes (A)
• \( PF \) — Power factor (unitless, between 0 and 1)

Explanation: The formula calculates real power in a balanced three-phase system, accounting for the phase difference between voltage and current.

3. Importance of Power Factor

Details: Power factor represents the ratio of real power flowing to the load to the apparent power. A higher power factor (closer to 1) indicates more efficient power usage.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter line-to-line voltage in volts, current in amperes, and power factor (0 to 1). All values must be valid (voltage > 0, current > 0, 0 ≤ PF ≤ 1).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between line-to-line and line-to-neutral voltage?
A: In 3-phase systems, line-to-line voltage is √3 times the line-to-neutral voltage (e.g., 208V line-to-line = 120V line-to-neutral).

Q2: What is a typical power factor value?
A: Motors typically have PF of 0.8-0.9, resistive loads have PF=1. Poor PF (<0.7) may incur utility penalties.

Q3: How does this differ from single-phase power calculation?
A: Single-phase uses P = V × I × PF, without the √3 factor needed for balanced three-phase systems.

Q4: What if my system is unbalanced?
A: This calculator assumes balanced loads. For unbalanced systems, calculate each phase separately and sum the results.

Q5: Can I use this for DC power calculation?
A: No, DC power is simply P = V × I (no power factor or √3 factor needed).